TRANSITIONING TOWARDS LOW-CARBON HYDROGEN PRODUCTION (part 1)
Résumé
Hydrogen (H2) has been considered key for the energy system since the 1970s
as it can be used for many applications (transport, power generation, steelmaking...)
and has a high energy density compared to other fuels. Its lack of direct CO2
generation has led to a renewed interest in the molecule and low-carbon hydrogen
production is now broadly considered as a key energy to help decarbonizing
global energy mix. To do so, public policies and the hydrogen industry will need to
address new technological challenges:
• switch quickly to low-carbon production technologies to comply with climate
pledges (most of current H2 production being very carbon intensive);
• increase drastically production capacities to allow the development of new
end-uses technologies (this additional H2 will also need to be low-carbon).
Which of these technologies can be used to decarbonize current hydrogen
production, responsible for 2.5% of global GHG emissions? Are these
technologies mature, efficient and low-carbon enough?
This article aims at exploring the different routes and individual technologies in
terms of their working principles, current maturity, efficiency, and CO2 emissions.
Domaines
Technologies Émergeantes [cs.ET]
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